S. Venugopal ¹, V. Ramanujachari ¹, K. K. Rajesh ¹

Affiliations
1 Defence Research and Development Laboratory, Hyderabad – 500 058

Abstract

A series of combustion experiments have been conducted for investigating the regression rates of mixed hybrid propellants using Red Fuming Nitrous Acid (RFNA) as liquid oxidizer and Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) with the addition of Ammonium Perchlorate (AP) upto 20 percent as the solid fuel. HTPB is the state-of-theart binder used in solid propellant rocket motors and is considered to be a potential candidate fuel for hybrid rocket applications due to its higher regression rate characteristics, greater fuel value, higher carbon/hydrogen ratio and solid loading capability. One of the effective ways of increasing the regression rates in hybrids is the addition of solid oxidizer such as AP in the fuel in small percentages. This type of configuration is called "mixed hybrid" and regression rate enhancement upto 100% is obtained. A series of static tests are conducted to establish the ignition and combustion in the hybrid mode. It is seen that the hybrid propellant has burnt smoothly. The ignition pressure could also be controlled and kept to a reasonable value. Stable combustion within a variation of chamber pressure ±2% and combustion efficiency above 0.95 was achieved. The characteristics of the combustion products are calculated using the NASA CEA code. Regression rate correlations for the different combinations are obtained using the experimental data and ballistic code developed for predicting the performance of hybrid system.

Keywords

Hybrid, Regression Rate, Mass Flux, Specific Impulse, Solid Fuel, Liquid Oxidizer

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